Health Encyclopedia

Cyclapen-W

Cyclapen-W: Uses, Effects, Mechanism of Action

Introduction

Cyclapen-W is a semi-synthetic aminopenicillin antibiotic that belongs to the beta-lactam class of antibiotics. It is a trade name for the drug cyclacillin, which is used to treat various bacterial infections. Cyclapen-W works by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis, leading to the death of susceptible bacteria.

Chemical Composition and Structure

The molecular formula of Cyclapen-W (cyclacillin) is C 15H 23N 3O 4S. It has a molecular weight of 341.4 g/mol and an exact mass of 341.139 Da. The SMILES representation of cyclacillin is CC1(C)SC2C(NC(=O)C(N)C2C(=O)NC2CCCCC2)C1C(=O)O.

Classification

Cyclapen-W belongs to the following classes of antibiotics:

Mechanism of Action

Cyclapen-W exhibits bactericidal properties by binding to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) in the bacterial cell wall. This binding inhibits the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer, which is essential for maintaining the structural integrity of the bacterial cell wall. The weakened cell wall leads to cell lysis and death of the susceptible bacteria [1].

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After oral administration, Cyclapen-W is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. It is widely distributed throughout the body, including in the lungs, kidneys, and skin. The drug undergoes partial metabolism in the liver and is primarily excreted unchanged in the urine [2].

Therapeutic Uses

Cyclapen-W is indicated for the treatment of various bacterial infections caused by susceptible organisms, such as:

The spectrum of activity of Cyclapen-W includes both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria [1].

Side Effects and Contraindications

Common side effects of Cyclapen-W include:

Severe adverse reactions, such as anaphylaxis, may occur in some individuals. Cyclapen-W is contraindicated in patients with a known allergy to penicillin or any component of the formulation.

Drug Interactions

Cyclapen-W may interact with other medications, such as:

Brand Names and Synonyms

Cyclapen-W is marketed under various trade names, including:

Other synonyms for cyclacillin include Ciclacillin (INN), Cyclacillin (USAN), WY-4508, and NSC-88789.

Chemical Properties

Cyclapen-W is a white to off-white crystalline powder. It is slightly soluble in water and soluble in methanol and ethanol. The drug should be stored at room temperature, protected from light and moisture.

Regulatory Status

Cyclapen-W has been approved by various health authorities, such as the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), for the treatment of bacterial infections. It is available by prescription only.

Comparative Efficacy

Studies have shown that Cyclapen-W has similar efficacy to other antibiotics in the aminopenicillin class, such as ampicillin and amoxicillin, in treating susceptible bacterial infections [3].

Development and Synthesis

Cyclapen-W was developed as a semi-synthetic derivative of penicillin. The synthesis process involves the acylation of 6-aminopenicillanic acid (6-APA) with D-(-)-α-aminocyclohexanecarboxylic acid, followed by purification steps.

Clinical Studies and Trials

Several clinical trials have been conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Cyclapen-W in treating various bacterial infections. These studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of Cyclapen-W in eradicating susceptible pathogens and improving clinical outcomes.

Resistance

Bacterial resistance to Cyclapen-W can occur through various mechanisms, such as the production of beta-lactamases, alterations in penicillin-binding proteins, and efflux pumps. Strategies to overcome resistance include the use of beta-lactamase inhibitors and the development of new antibiotics with modified structures.

Resources and References

Key scientific publications and databases for further information on Cyclapen-W include:

Further Reading

For more detailed information on Cyclapen-W and related topics, readers can refer to:

Cyclapen-W